In China, steel structure has a long history in architecture. In ancient times, there were towers, chain suspension bridges and other buildings. In the mid-twentieth century, many industrial buildings, steel bridges and gymnasiums were built successively. Over the past decades, due to the high population density, the shortage of production and living rooms, traffic congestion, urban buildings have gradually developed to high altitude, and high-rise and super-high-rise buildings have emerged rapidly. Because of the advantages of high strength, good toughness and plasticity, light weight, good seismic performance, easy installation, short construction period and beautiful building shape, steel structure has developed rapidly. More and more high-rise buildings, such as office buildings, hotels and apartments, adopt steel structure. High-rise steel structure building
For the division of high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings, there is no unified regulation on architectural design code, building seismic design code and building fire protection design code. It is generally considered that the total height of a building over 24 m is a high-rise building, and the total height of a building over 60 m is a super-high-rise building.
I. Installation of Steel Structure in High-rise Buildings
The installation of steel structure in high-rise buildings can adopt the method of integrated installation between joints or layered and sectional installation. Installed steel components should form a stable spatial framework. Firstly, before installation of steel structure in high-rise building, it is necessary to check the elevation of the orientation axis of the building, the position line of the bottom column, the strength of concrete and the quality of the components. Only after qualified, can installation be started. The overall vertical construction sequence of the installation of steel structure is the core tube construction first, followed by the outer frame tube construction. The gap between the inner and outer tube construction should be kept at the optimum height of 3-6 storeys, and the installation on the elevation plane should be from 3-6 storeys. Installation from the lower part to the upper part, and diffusion from the middle of the building to the surrounding area on the plane. Secondly, when installing the steel structure of high-rise building, the installation section should be planned according to the factors of structure form, plane shape and quantity of installation machinery, and the installation procedure should be worked out in advance. In the process of installation, the pre-programmed installation procedure must be strictly carried out. At the same time, the column positioning axis of each floor of the steel structure of high-rise building must be pulled by the ground control line. Up, if pulled from the axis of the lower column, cumulative errors will inevitably occur.